| وصف الكتاب | Indias Mangalyaan mission to Mars and the Tata Nano, the worlds cheapest car, are two of the countrys most celebrated achievements in recent times. They have something in common with the inverter which keeps the lights on during power cuts, the desert cooler which eases the searing summer heat and the hybrid trikes, half-Enfield Bullet motorbike, half-bullock cart, which slow traffic throughout northern India. They share traits with inspiring village inventions which offer cheap stoves, cool water, wind-powered pumps, safer wells and even sanitary towels to those who can least afford them. and they also share characteristics with some of the worst aspects of life in urban India unsafe vehicles, dangerous buildings, poor sanitation and shoddy standards of work and manufacturing. They are all examples of good and bad jugaad, the colloquial Hindi word for a frugal innovation, a quick fix, improvised solution with cheap materials readily to hand and out of the box solutions which bypass received wisdom, rules and regulations. |
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